Oil engine



2 sheetssheet 1. H.'CAMPBBLL.

OIL BNQINB.

Y Patented July 24, 1894,.

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(No Model.)

I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. Y H. CAMPBELL.

OIL ENGINE.

Patented July 24.1894.

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UNITED STATES I HUGH CAMPBELL, E- HALIEAx, ENGLAND.

PATENT OFFICE.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 523,511, dated July 24,1894. Application filed January 17, 1894:y Serial No. 497,143. (N omodel.)

A To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH CAMPBELL, of the irm of the Campbell Gas EngineCompany, Limited, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, residing atHalifax, in the county of York, England, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Oil-Engines; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake andA use the same.

r This invention has reference to that construction of engine known asthe Otto or four stroke cycle.

This invention consists in the novel'construction and combination of theparts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In constructing an oil engine according to my invention, the oil, whichmay b e of any suitable kind, is allowed to flow by its own gravitythrough a suitable form of cock provided with a handle for regulatingthe supply to a small chamber surrounding the inlet valve which ispreferably of the mushroom type, such said valve being opened by thepressure of the atmosphere when the. movement of the piston within thecylinder creates a vacuum. The conical seat of the valve is made withone or more openings or perforations to allow the oil to iiow or to be drawn into a vaporizer connected to the engine. f

Such being the nature 'and object of my invention I will now proceed todescribe the same more fully, and for that purpose make reference totheaccompanying sheets of drawings, whereinr Figure 1 is a vertical sectionof my improved apparatus for supplying and vaporizing the oil. Fig. 2 isa part front elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan of the same. Fig. 4' is afront elevation of certain parts of an oil engine to which the vaporizeris connected, showing also the means for governing the speed of theengine.

Fig. 5 is a plan view, partly in section,of the parts shown in Fig. 4.

The vaporizing apparatus shown in Fig. 1 is connected to the engine atAin Fig. 5. The combustible mixture consisting of oil and air enters theengine cylinder as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 5. The supply of oilto the vaporizer, see Fig. 1, comes from a cistern and the admission ofair and oil is shut 0E. After the oil and air pass through the inletvalve E they are drawn down the vaporizer which is composed preferablyof a cylindrical pipe H provided with'an ignition pipe I. These partsare surrounded by a jacket J lined with asbestus K and having air holesL to create a draft, the bottomand sides of the said vaporizer beingheated with an oil lamp M for the purpose of heating the oil and air toa high temperature when it becomes converted into a mixed vapor. Afterthe combustible mixture has been generated it passes into .the cylinderof the engine and is compressed by the piston, but on the returnstrokeof the piston and during the time the crank is turning the dead centerthe ignition of the combustible mixture takes place by contact with thered hot sides of the ignition tubeI. After the mixture has exploded andperformed its function in the cylinder of theengine which istimed totake place during the outstroke of the piston, the spent mixture isexhausted to the atmosphere through an exhaust valve N, see Fig. 5. Thisexhaust valve is operated at every revolution of the engine by aconstantly reciprocating rod O which receives its motion by a cam oreccentric driven at half the speed of the crank shaft by the. use ofspur wheels or other suitable gearing in ccnnection with the crank shaftof the engine, but`not shown in the drawings. Each forward motion of thereciprocating rod O strikes against the adjustable set 'screw P attachedto the lever Q having its fulcrum at R, thus when the reciprocating rodO strikes the stud P the lever Q opens the exhaust valve N which isclosed through the action of the spiral spring S. I/Vhen the engineoverrunsy its normal speed the sleeve T in connection with the governorsU rises causing one end of the lever V to drop carryingwith it the projection or finger W which at this time is placed opposite the stud G sothat whenthe lever Q IOO has been operated by the point of thereciprocating rod O, the finger W through the increased speed of thegovernors descends and.

comes opposite the stud G in lever Q and prevents the spiral spring Sclosing the exhaust valve, whereby the exhaust valve remains open whichprevents a vacuum being formed in the cylinder, consequently the inletvalve E is not opened for the ad mission of a fresh supply of air andoil; the exhaust valve being thus kept open by the lever Q allows theproducts of combustion of air and oil to be drawn alternately into thecylinder and expelled therefrom by the action of the piston, and thisgoes on until the speed ot' the engine falls to the normal again whenthe governors and sleeve T will descend and raise the holding lever Vfrom contact with the stud G and permit the inlet valve to act.

It must be understood that the reciprocating rod O during each forwardstroke always advances far enough to strike the lever Q and cause it toopen the exhaust `valve so as to release the pressure from the finger W,on the holding lever V, in order that it may be free to move upward whenthe governor demands it, which takes place on the engine resuming itsnormal speed.

I claim as my invention-- l. In an oil engine, the combination, with thevaporizer consisting of an elbow pipe H adapted to have its horizontalend secured to the engine cylinder, of the ignition tube I dependingfrom the bend in the said pipe, the jacket J surrounding the verticalportion of the said pipe and provided with a hole for its horizontalportion to project through, and lateral draft holes L at its top; aheating device at the lower part of the jacket, an air and oil admissionvalve at the top of the said vaporizer, and a spring normally holdingthe said valve closed, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the exhaust valve,

too great, thereby preventing the closure of the exhaust valve,substantially as set forth.

Intestimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

` HUGH CAMPBELL.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR B. CRossLEY, WILLIAM H. TEMPEST, Both of Commercial Street,Halifax.

